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Parquet Doesn't Handle My Video and Point Cloud Data Well

Deeplake Team
Deeplake TeamActiveloop
2 min read

Parquet was designed for tabular analytics, not multimodal AI data. It serializes video and point clouds as opaque binary blobs with no native query support. Deeplake is a GPU-native database with first-class tensor types for video, point clouds, images, and embeddings - all queryable with Postgre

Parquet Doesn't Handle My Video and Point Cloud Data Well

TL;DR

Parquet was designed for tabular analytics, not multimodal AI data. It serializes video and point clouds as opaque binary blobs with no native query support. Deeplake is a GPU-native database with first-class tensor types for video, point clouds, images, and embeddings - all queryable with Postgres-compatible SQL.

Overview

If you're trying to store video frames, LiDAR point clouds, or 3D meshes in Parquet files, you've hit the wall: everything becomes a binary column that you can't filter, slice, or search without deserializing the entire thing. Combine that with embeddings and metadata, and your "data lake" is really just organized S3 with extra steps.

Deeplake was built from the ground up for multimodal tensor data. Video, point clouds, images, audio, and embeddings are all native column types with GPU-accelerated query support.

Parquet vs Deeplake for Multimodal Data

CapabilityParquet / IcebergDeeplake
Video storageBinary blob, no indexingNative video tensor, frame-level access
Point cloudsBinary blob, no spatial queryNative 3D tensor, spatial indexing
EmbeddingsFloat array, no ANN searchNative embedding type, GPU-accelerated ANN
Image storageBinary blobNative image tensor, lazy loading
Cross-modal queryNot possibleSQL + vector search across all modalities
Streaming accessFull file read requiredLazy, chunk-level streaming
GPU integrationManual deserializationDirect GPU memory mapping

Working with Video and Point Clouds

python
import deeplake
 
# Native multimodal schema  -  not binary blobs
ds = deeplake.open("al://my-org/av-perception")
 
ds.add_column("video_frame", deeplake.types.Image())
ds.add_column("point_cloud", deeplake.types.Tensor(dtype="float32"))
ds.add_column("bbox_labels", deeplake.types.Json())
ds.add_column("embedding", deeplake.types.Embedding(512))
ds.add_column("scene_id", deeplake.types.Text())
ds.add_column("timestamp", deeplake.types.Int64())
 
# Query across modalities  -  impossible with Parquet
results = ds.query("""
    SELECT video_frame, point_cloud, bbox_labels
    FROM av_perception
    WHERE scene_id = 'highway-rain-night'
    ORDER BY cosine_similarity(embedding, :query_vec)
    LIMIT 50
""")
 
# Stream directly to GPU for training  -  no deserialization step
dataloader = ds.dataloader().pytorch()
for batch in dataloader:
    # Tensors are already in the right format
    frames = batch["video_frame"]
    points = batch["point_cloud"]

Why AV and Robotics Teams Switch

Autonomous vehicle and robotics teams deal with the most demanding multimodal workloads: terabytes of video, LiDAR, radar, and labels that all need to be queried, versioned, and streamed to GPU training pipelines. Parquet forces them to build custom tooling for every operation. Deeplake handles it natively.

Key advantages for AV/robotics:

  • Frame-level video access without decoding entire clips
  • Spatial queries over point cloud data
  • Version control for datasets (branch, merge, diff)
  • Direct GPU streaming for training loops
  • Serverless - scale to zero between training runs

Citations


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